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  • How to design a hydroponic stock solution system

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: May 27, 2013|Last Updated: October 30, 2014|Categories: Open systems, Systems|Tags: Stock solutions|

    Proportioner systems Open hydroponic systems lend themselves to two different automation systems i.e. proportioner and injector systems. First let look at what a proportioner does. A proportioner can either be electrical or mechanical device that adds liquid, coming from a tank or other source, into a main line in specific ratio’s. For instance, the ratio [...]

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  • What is the difference between LDPE and HDPE Irrigation pipes

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 28, 2013|Last Updated: December 22, 2024|Categories: Closed systems, Open systems, Systems|Tags: Irrigation|

    LDPE HDPE Difference is crucial when designing a good system.  You can either save a lot of money initially and waste a lot later when your irrigation system starts popping. The irrigation pipes ensure that water is supplied to the plants. The most common used pipes are the LDPE types. They range between 1 and [...]

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  • Which hydroponic irrigation pumps should be used

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 28, 2013|Last Updated: December 22, 2024|Categories: Closed systems, Open systems, Systems|Tags: Pumps|

    Hydroponic pumps are at the heart of your irrigation system. Many people tend to neglect this area just because they do not understand what is involved in selecting the right hydroponic pump and the requirements for pumps used in hydroponic conditions. It must be emphasized that the pumps used in hydroponic systems have different requirements [...]

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  • Cheap inline sediment filter that works

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 27, 2013|Last Updated: December 21, 2024|Categories: Closed systems, Open systems, Systems|Tags: Filters, Irrigation|

    Installing a sump on small closed hydroponic systems is also easy. The same basic concrete sump can be build but a simple ‘T-piece’ as described in the figure below can also be as effective. However, floating particles in the water will not be removed with this method. The water in the ‘inline sump’ must not [...]

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  • hydroponics open system bags growth sawdust tomatoes

    How to lay out a dripper irrigation system

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 26, 2013|Last Updated: December 13, 2017|Categories: Open systems|Tags: Designs, Drippers, Filters, Irrigation, Open systems, Pumps, Tanks|

    A basic layout of a dripper irrigation system is provided using bags. Note the position of the filters in relation to the pump and water supply. Solenoid valves can be installed but the position will depend on the size of the block or number of plants that need to be irrigated at a time. The [...]

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  • Calculating the correct flow rate for open hydroponic systems

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 26, 2013|Last Updated: August 25, 2017|Categories: Open systems, Systems|Tags: Flow-rate, Irrigation, Open systems|

    There are two basic types of dripper systems used in bag culture; 1 mm spaghetti pipes and 8 mm pressure regulated dripper (also called a PC dripper) which is much more expensive. There are advantages and disadvantages of both these types. The 1 mm spaghetti pipe is very cheap and easy to install. If blockages [...]

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  • Manage the root temperature in growth bags for optimal growth

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 26, 2013|Last Updated: December 22, 2024|Categories: Open systems, Systems|Tags: Roots, Temperature|

    Root temperature does play an essential part in plant growth. It influences plant dry-mass, uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Root zone temperatures between 18–22°C lose less nitrate and phosphate through emissionsMiguel Urrestarazu, María del Carmen Salas, Diego Valera, Adrián Gómez & Pilar Carolina Mazuela (2008) Effects of Heating Nutrient Solution on Water and Mineral [...]

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  • How to mix fertilizers in a nutrient tank

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 26, 2013|Last Updated: December 22, 2024|Categories: Closed systems, Open systems, Systems|Tags: Fertilizers, Tanks|

    The following procedure should be followed when mixing fertilizers in nutrient tanks: Fill the tank with water Check if the pH is between 5.5 and 6.8 Increase or decrease the pH if necessary with either an acid or base Start stirring the water in the tank. The water in the tank can also be agitated [...]

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  • Nutrient tank design with pumps and filters

    By Antonius Lecuona|Published On: April 26, 2013|Last Updated: December 18, 2020|Categories: Open systems, Systems|Tags: Filters, Irrigation, Pumps, Tanks|

    Bag culture systems requires the use of large tanks to store the nutrient mixture. The tanks are important because: The nutrients are mixed and stored in the tanksThe exact amount of nutrients can be added to a specific volume of water since the size of the tank is known.The exact amount of water can be [...]

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