Lettuce deficiency and toxicity symptoms of macro and micro elements
It is often quite difficult to identify a deficiency or toxicity symptom in the field because they never really occur as a single element deficiency...
Source of viruses in a greenhouse
Everyone has become more knowledgeable about the spread of viruses and the diseases they cause. Just like the COVID virus, we have to understand the...
Nutrient content of water soluble hydroponic fertilizers
The nutrient content of water soluble hydroponic fertilizers is not always clearly indicated on packaging. It is fine that fertilizer companies take control out of...
The basic principles of a good spray program
Well planned spray programs are more effective than unplanned, random chemical applications. Have you ever considered spraying when there is no pests or diseases? Poorly...
Angular leaf spot
The disease is found in conditions if high humidity, especially in poor ventilated greenhouses or where the ventilation is not controlled properly. Optimum temperature for...
The effect of low intensity radiation on flowering
Changing the length of the dark and light periods is another way of growth control. It is an important aspect of greenhouse culture, especially flowers....
The effect of high intensity radiation on plant growth in greenhouses.
High intensity radiation is more common in equatorial regions than cold weather climates. This is because of the angle the sun rays hit the soil...
The effect of radiation on growth and yield
Understanding the effect of radiation on plants will help identify weaknesses in your greenhouse. The effect of radiation can be divided into three parts; its...
Basic pest and disease resistance management strategies in greenhouses
Resistance to chemicals is due to the intense selection pressure exerted on the population that is controlled. There is only a limited number of chemicals...
Understanding the greenhouse environment
The protected greenhouse environment The greenhouse environment is designed to allow plants to perform close to their genetic optimum so that the grower achieves maximum...
Trellising cucumbers in greenhouses
Trellising and training of greenhouse cucumbers Trellising of cucumbers should not be confused with pruning. They do go hand in hand, but are very different....
How do I start a hydroponic farm
A frequent and legit question to ask from all parts of the world; how do I start a hydroponic farm or business. Deep down in...
Understanding nitrogen dynamics during cucumber growth season
We all know the basics of nitrogen in plants. The good and the bad. Every grower and student knows nitrogen is important for good looking...
Optimizing income of your farm using Fibonacci
This is something that has been on my mind for a long time. So many growers ask me what is the best combination of crops...
Fertigation of cucumbers – the basics
Cucumbers are sensitive to water stress (to little water) and to water logging (over watering). Any of these two conditions will reduce plant vigour and...
The feasibility of hydroponics as empowerment concept – and why you will fail too.
There is no doubt that hydroponic farming systems are feasible as a commercial operation. Proof is in the application of this technology worldwide. I do...
